Application - Arc protection - Motor protection - Feeder protection - Back-up protection - Technical Manual - REX610 Protection and control - 1.2 - IEC - ANSI - 03.05.2023

REX610 Technical Manual

In three-phase distribution and subtransmission network applications the phase discontinuity in one phase can cause an increase of zero-sequence voltage and short overvoltage peaks and also oscillation in the corresponding phase.

PDNSPTOC is a three-phase protection with DT characteristic, designed for detecting broken conductors in distribution and subtransmission networks. The function is applicable for both overhead lines and underground cables.

The operation of PDNSPTOC is based on the ratio of the positive-sequence and negative-sequence currents. This gives a better sensitivity and stability compared to plain negative-sequence current protection since the calculated ratio of positive-sequence and negative-sequence currents is relatively constant during load variations.

The unbalance of the network is detected by monitoring the negative-sequence and positive-sequence current ratio, where the negative-sequence current value is I 2 and I 1 is the positive-sequence current value. The unbalance is calculated with the equation.
Figure 1. Equation
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Broken conductor fault situation can occur in phase A in a feeder.

Figure 2. Broken conductor fault situation in phase A in a distribution or subtransmission feeder
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Figure 3. Three-phase current quantities during the broken conductor fault in phase A with the ratio of negative-sequence and positive-sequence currents